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Retrieval
8 concepts, 8 reviewed and merged.
Generation
Retrieval-Augmented Generation
A model's weights are a lossy compression of its training data, fixed when training stopped and impossible to update…
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Indexing
Approximate Nearest Neighbor
Comparing a query against every stored vector is exact and, past a few million documents, too slow.
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Chunking
A retriever returns whatever unit you indexed, so choosing that unit decides what the model gets to read.
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Ranking
Hybrid Search
Dense and sparse retrieval fail on different queries.
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Reranking
The fast retriever has to score millions of passages, so it can only afford to look at the query and the passage…
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Representation
Dense Retrieval
Keyword search fails when the question and the answer use different words.
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Sparse Retrieval
The oldest thing that works: score a document by how many of the query's rare words it contains.
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Validity
Grounding
Retrieval is not only about finding the right passage; it is about the answer actually resting on it.
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